PUBLISHED RESEARCH RESOURCES

Did you know?

Vaccine safety studies are only performed on individual vaccines. There has never been a comprehensive safety study performed for multiple vaccines despite being routinely given. There have also been no vaccine safety studies performed on the comprehensive vaccine schedule.

Vaccine Research

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Immune Activation

Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccination and Autism NEJM letters: Coats, Andrew J S. Henein, Michael. Flather, Marcus. Sigwart, Ulrich. Seggewiss, Hubert. Wang, Duolao. Yousufuddin, Mohammed. Shamim, Waqar. The New England journal of medicine 2003; 348(10):951
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Maternal immune activation yields offspring displaying mouse versions of the three core symptoms of autism: Malkova, Natalia V. Yu, Collin Z. Hsiao, Elaine Y. Moore, Marlyn J. Patterson, Paul H. Brain, behavior, and immunity 2012; 26(4):607-16
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Gender-Dependent Effects of Maternal Immune Activation on the Behavior of Mouse Offspring: Xuan, Ingrid C Y. Hampson, David R. PloS one 2014; 9(8):e104433
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Neuroglial Activation and Neuroinflammation in the Brain of Patients with Autism: Vargas, Diana L. Nascimbene, Caterina. Krishnan, Chitra. Zimmerman, Andrew W. Pardo, Carlos A. Annals of neurology 2005; 57(1):67-81
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Elevated immune response in the brain of autistic patients.: Li, Xiaohong. Chauhan, Abha. Sheikh, Ashfaq M. Patil, Sangita. Chauhan, Ved. Li, Xiu-Min. Ji, Lina. Brown, Ted. Malik, Mazhar. Journal of neuroimmunology 2009; 207(1-2):111-6
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Pregnancy, Immunity, Schizophrenia, and Autism: Patterson, P. H. (2006). Engineering and Science, 69(3), 10-21.

Microglial activation in young adults with autism spectrum disorder-1: Suzuki, Katsuaki. Sugihara, Genichi. Ouchi, Yasuomi. Nakamura, Kazuhiko. Futatsubashi, Masami. Takebayashi, Kiyokazu. Yoshihara, Yujiro. Omata, Kei. Matsumoto, Kaori. Tsuchiya, Kenji J. Iwata, Yasuhide. Tsujii, Masatsugu. Sugiyama, Toshirou. Mori, Norio. JAMA psychiatry 2013; 70(1):49-58
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Maternal immune activation causes age and region-specific changes in brain cytokines in offspring throughout development.: Garay, Paula A. Hsiao, Elaine Y. Patterson, Paul H. McAllister, A K. Brain, behavior, and immunity 2013; 31():54-68
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Gestational Exposure to a Viral Mimetic Poly(I-C) Results in Long-Lasting Changes in Mitochondrial Function by Leucocytes in the Adult Offspring: Giulivi, Cecilia. Napoli, Eleonora. Schwartzer, Jared. Careaga, Milo. Ashwood, Paul. Mediators of inflammation 2013; 2013():609602
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Brain IL-6 elevation causes neuronal circuitry imbalances and mediates autism-like behaviors: Wei, Hongen. Chadman, Kathryn K. McCloskey, Daniel P. Sheikh, Ashfaq M. Malik, Mazhar. Brown, W Ted. Li, Xiaohong. Biochimica et biophysica acta 2012; 1822(6):831-42
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IL-6 is Increased in the Cerebellum of Autistic Brain and Alters Neural Cell Adhesion, Migration and Synaptic Formation: Wei, Hongen. Zou, Hua. Sheikh, Ashfaq M. Malik, Mazhar. Dobkin, Carl. Brown, W Ted. Li, Xiaohong. Journal of neuroinflammation 2011; 8():52
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Maternal Immune Activation and Autism Spectrum Disorder: Interleukin-6 Signaling as a Key Mechanistic Pathway: Parker-Athill, E Carla. Tan, Jun. Neuro-Signals 2010; 18(2):113-28
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Maternal Immune Activation Alters Fetal Brain Development through Interleukin-6: Smith, Stephen E P. Li, Jennifer. Garbett, Krassimira. Mirnics, Karoly. Patterson, Paul H. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2007; 27(40):10695-702
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Brain IL-6 and autism: Wei, H. Alberts, I. Li, X. Neuroscience 2013; 252():320-5
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Cytokines and CNS Developemnt: Deverman, Benjamin E. Patterson, Paul H. Neuron 2009; 64(1):61-78
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Maternal immune activation and abnormal brain development across CNS disorders: Knuesel, Irene. Chicha, Laurie. Britschgi, Markus. Schobel, Scott A. Bodmer, Michael. Hellings, Jessica A. Toovey, Stephen. Prinssen, Eric P. Nature reviews. Neurology 2014; 10(11):643-60
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The combined role of serotonin and interleukin-6 as biomarker for autism: Yang, C-J. Liu, C-L. Sang, B. Zhu, X-M. Du, Y-J. Neuroscience 2015; 284():290-6
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Maternal Immune Activation in Nonhuman Primates Alters Social Attention in Juvenile Offspring: Machado, Christopher J. Whitaker, Alexander M. Smith, Stephen E P. Patterson, Paul H. Bauman, Melissa D. Biological psychiatry 2015; 77(9):823-32
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Activation of the maternal immune system during pregnancy alters behavioral development of rhesus monkey offspring: Bauman, Melissa D. Iosif, Ana-Maria. Smith, Stephen E P. Bregere, Catherine. Amaral, David G. Patterson, Paul H. Biological psychiatry 2014; 75(4):332-41
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Vitamin D for Those with Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Intellectual Disabilities: Grant, William B. Wimalawansa, Sunil J. Holick, Michael F. Cannell, John J. Pludowski, Pawel. Lappe, Joan M. Pittaway, Mary. May, Philip. Nutrients 2015; 7(3):1538-64
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On the aetiology of autism

What is the role of vitamin D in autism?: Cannell, John J. Grant, William B. Dermato-endocrinology 2013; 5(1):199-204
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Maternal Lipopolysaccharide Exposure Promotes Immunological Functional Changes in Adult Offspring CD4+ T Cells.: Luan, Rong. Cheng, Hao. Li, Lin. Zhao, Qiang. Liu, Hui. Wu, Zhenzhou. Zhao, Liqing. Yang, Jinghua. Hao, Jianlei. Yin, Zhinan. American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) 2015; 73(6):522-35
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Dietary supplementation with n-3 fatty acids from weaning limits brain biochemistry and behavioural changes elicited by prenatal exposure to maternal inflammation in the mouse model.: Li, Q. Leung, Y O. Zhou, I. Ho, L C. Kong, W. Basil, P. Wei, R. Lam, S. Zhang, X. Law, A C K. Chua, S E. Sham, P C. Wu, E X. McAlonan, G M. Translational psychiatry 2015; 5():e641
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Preliminary evidence of neuropathology in nonhuman primates prenatally exposed to maternal immune activation.: Weir, Ruth K. Forghany, Reihaneh. Smith, Stephen E P. Patterson, Paul H. McAllister, A Kimberly. Schumann, Cynthia M. Bauman, Melissa D. Brain, behavior, and immunity 2015; 48():139-46
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Cytokine-dependent bidirectional connection between impaired social behavior and susceptibility to seizures associated with maternal immune activation in mice.: Washington, James. Kumar, Udaya. Medel-Matus, Jesus-Servando. Shin, Don. Sankar, Raman. Mazarati, Andrey. Epilepsy & behavior : E&B 2015; 50():40-5
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Immune mediators in the brain and peripheral tissues in autism spectrum disorder.: Estes, Myka L. McAllister, A Kimberley. Nature reviews. Neuroscience 2015; 16(8):469-86
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The proinflammatory effect of C-reactive protein on human endothelial cells depends on the Fc?RIIa genotype.: Raaz-Schrauder, Dorette. Ekici, Arif B. Klinghammer, Lutz. Stumpf, Christian. Achenbach, Stephan. Herrmann, Martin. Reis, André. Garlichs, Christoph D. Thrombosis research 2014; 133(3):426-32
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Impaired synaptic development in a maternal immune activation mouse model of neurodevelopmental disorders.: Coiro, Pierluca. Padmashri, Ragunathan. Suresh, Anand. Spartz, Elizabeth. Pendyala, Gurudutt. Chou, Shinnyi. Jung, Yoosun. Meays, Brittney. Roy, Shreya. Gautam, Nagsen. Alnouti, Yazen. Li, Ming. Dunaevsky, Anna. Brain, behavior, and immunity 2015; ():
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Long-term pathological consequences of prenatal infection: beyond brain disorders.: Labouesse, Marie A. Langhans, Wolfgang. Meyer, Urs. American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology 2015; 309(1):R1-R12
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Metabolic consequences of interleukin 6 challenge in developing neurons and astroglia: Brown, Jacquelyn A. Sherrod, Stacy D. Goodwin, Cody R. Brewer, Bryson. Yang, Lijie. Garbett, Krassimira A. Li, Deyu. McLean, John A. Wikswo, John P. Mirnics, Károly. Journal of neuroinflammation 2014; 11():183
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Regional differences in synaptogenesis in human cerebral cortex: Huttenlocher, P R. Dabholkar, A S. The Journal of comparative neurology 1997; 387(2):167-78
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Maternal immune activation by LPS selectively alters specific gene expression profiles: Oskvig, Devon B. Elkahloun, Abdel G. Johnson, Kory R. Phillips, Terry M. Herkenham, Miles. Brain, behavior, and immunity 2012; 26(4):623-34
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Early effects of lipopolysaccharide- induced inflammation on foetal brain development in rat: Ghiani, Cristina A. Mattan, Natalia S. Nobuta, Hiroko. Malvar, Jemily S. Boles, Julie. Ross, Michael G. Waschek, James A. Carpenter, Ellen M. Fisher, Robin S. de Vellis, Jean. ASN neuro 2011; 3(4):
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Acquired reversible autistic syndrome in acute encephalopathic illness in children: DeLong, G R. Bean, S C. Brown, F R. Archives of neurology 1981; 38(3):191-4
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Autistic disorder and viral infections: Libbey, Jane E. Sweeten, Thayne L. McMahon, William M. Fujinami, Robert S. Journal of neurovirology 2005; 11(1):1-10
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Onset at age 14 of a typical autistic syndrome A case report: Gillberg, C. Journal of autism and developmental disorders 1986; 16(3):369-75
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Austistic Symptoms Following Herpes Encephalitis: Ghaziuddin, M. Al-Khouri, I. Ghaziuddin, N. European child & adolescent psychiatry 2002; 11(3):142-6
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Autism Spectrum Disorder Secondary to Enterovirus Encephalitis: Marques, Filipa. Brito, Maria João. Conde, Marta. Pinto, Mónica. Moreira, Ana. Journal of child neurology 2014; 29(5):708-14
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Brain Development in Rodents and Humans: Identifying Benchmarks of Maturation and Vulnerability to Injury Across Species: Semple, Bridgette D. Blomgren, Klas. Gimlin, Kayleen. Ferriero, Donna M. Noble-Haeusslein, Linda J. Progress in neurobiology ; 106-107():1-16
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The Basics of Brain Development: Stiles, Joan. Jernigan, Terry L. Neuropsychology review 2010; 20(4):327-48
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Neonatal vaccination with bacillus Calmette-Guérin and hepatitis B vaccines modulates hippocampal synaptic plasticity in rats.: Li, Qingqing. Qi, Fangfang. Yang, Junhua. Zhang, Luwen. Gu, Huaiyu. Zou, Juntao. Yuan, Qunfang. Yao, Zhibin. Journal of neuroimmunology 2015; 288():1-12
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Preliminary evidence of neuropathology in nonhuman primates prenatally exposed to maternal immune activation.: Weir, Ruth K. Forghany, Reihaneh. Smith, Stephen E P. Patterson, Paul H. McAllister, A Kimberly. Schumann, Cynthia M. Bauman, Melissa D. Brain, behavior, and immunity 2015; 48():139-46
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Th1- and Th2-like cytokines in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in autism: Gupta, S. Aggarwal, S. Rashanravan, B. Lee, T. Journal of neuroimmunology 1998; 85(1):106-9
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Vaccines and Febrile Seizures: Principi, Nicola. Esposito, Susanna. Expert review of vaccines 2013; 12(8):885-92
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Adverse events following 12 and 18 month vaccinations: a population-based, self-controlled case series analysis.: Wilson, Kumanan. Hawken, Steven. Kwong, Jeffrey C. Deeks, Shelley. Crowcroft, Natasha S. Van Walraven, Carl. Potter, Beth K. Chakraborty, Pranesh. Keelan, Jennifer. Pluscauskas, Michael. Manuel, Doug. PloS one 2011; 6(12):e27897
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Risk of febrile seizures after first dose of measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccine: a population-based cohort study.: MacDonald, Shannon E. Dover, Douglas C. Simmonds, Kimberley A. Svenson, Lawrence W. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l’Association medicale canadienne 2014; 186(11):824-9
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Serum and CSF levels of cytokines in acute encephalopathy following prolonged febrile seizures.: Ichiyama, Takashi. Suenaga, Naoko. Kajimoto, Madoka. Tohyama, Jun. Isumi, Hiroshi. Kubota, Masaya. Mori, Masato. Furukawa, Susumu. Brain & development 2008; 30(1):47-52
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Neuroprotective Effect of Nanodiamond in Alzheimer’s Disease Rat Model: a Pivotal Role for Modulating NF-?B and STAT3 Signaling.: Alawdi, Shawqi H. El-Denshary, Ezzeldin S. Safar, Marwa M. Eidi, Housam. David, Marie-Odile. Abdel-Wahhab, Mosaad A. Molecular neurobiology 2016; ():
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Cerebral microglia recruit monocytes into the brain in response to tumor necrosis factoralpha signaling during peripheral organ inflammation.: D’Mello, Charlotte. Le, Tai. Swain, Mark G. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2009; 29(7):2089-102
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Interleukin-6 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with recent tonic-clonic seizures.: Peltola, J. Palmio, J. Korhonen, L. Suhonen, J. Miettinen, A. Hurme, M. Lindholm, D. Keränen, T. Epilepsy research 2000; 41(3):205-11
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Regulation of IL-6 system in cerebrospinal fluid and serum compartments by seizures: the effect of seizure type and duration.: Lehtimäki, K A. Keränen, T. Huhtala, H. Hurme, M. Ollikainen, J. Honkaniemi, J. Palmio, J. Peltola, J. Journal of neuroimmunology 2004; 152(1-2):121-5
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The maternal interleukin-17a pathway in mice promotes autism-like phenotypes in offspring.: Choi, Gloria B. Yim, Yeong S. Wong, Helen. Kim, Sangdoo. Kim, Hyunju. Kim, Sangwon V. Hoeffer, Charles A. Littman, Dan R. Huh, Jun R. Science (New York, N.Y.) 2016; 351(6276):933-9
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Elevated serum levels of interleukin-17A in children with autism: Al-Ayadhi, Laila Yousef. Mostafa, Gehan Ahmed. Journal of neuroinflammation 2012; 9():158
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Increased production of IL-17 in children with autism spectrum disorders and co-morbid asthma: Akintunde, Marjannie Eloi. Rose, Melissa. Krakowiak, Paula. Heuer, Luke. Ashwood, Paul. Hansen, Robin. Hertz-Picciotto, Irva. Van de Water, Judy. Journal of neuroimmunology 2015; 286():33-41
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Interleukin-17 promotes autoimmunity by triggering a positive-feedback loop via interleukin-6 induction: Ogura, Hideki. Murakami, Masaaki. Okuyama, Yuko. Tsuruoka, Mineko. Kitabayashi, Chika. Kanamoto, Minoru. Nishihara, Mika. Iwakura, Yoichiro. Hirano, Toshio. Immunity 2008; 29(4):628-36
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Papers from our Study Reviews

A Population-based Study Of Measles, Mumps, And Rubella Vaccination And Autism: Madsen, Kreesten Meldgaard. Hviid, Anders. Vestergaard, Mogens. Schendel, Diana. Wohlfahrt, Jan. Thorsen, Poul. Olsen, Jørn. Melbye, Mads. The New England journal of medicine 2002; 347(19):1477-82
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American Academy of Pediatrics, Vaccine Safety: Examine the Evidence

On-time Vaccine Receipt in the First Year Does Not Adversely Affect Neuropsychological Outcomes: Smith, Michael J. Woods, Charles R. Pediatrics 2010; 125(6):1134-41
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Autism occurrence by MMR vaccine status among US children with older siblings with and without autism.: Jain, Anjali. Marshall, Jaclyn. Buikema, Ami. Bancroft, Tim. Kelly, Jonathan P. Newschaffer, Craig J. JAMA 2015; 313(15):1534-40

Vitamin D for Those with Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Intellectual Disabilities: Grant, William B. Wimalawansa, Sunil J. Holick, Michael F. Cannell, John J. Pludowski, Pawel. Lappe, Joan M. Pittaway, Mary. May, Philip. Nutrients 2015; 7(3):1538-64
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On the aetiology of autism

What is the role of vitamin D in autism?: Cannell, John J. Grant, William B. Dermato-endocrinology 2013; 5(1):199-204
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Vaccines are not associated with autism An evidence-based meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies: Taylor, Luke E. Swerdfeger, Amy L. Eslick, Guy D. Vaccine 2014; 32(29):3623-9
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Confounding in studies of adverse reactions to vaccines.: Fine, P E. Chen, R T. American journal of epidemiology 1992; 136(2):121-35
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Adverse Events following 12 and 18 Month Vaccinations: a Population-Based, Self-Controlled Case Series Analysis: Wilson, Kumanan. Hawken, Steven. Kwong, Jeffrey C. Deeks, Shelley. Crowcroft, Natasha S. Van Walraven, Carl. Potter, Beth K. Chakraborty, Pranesh. Keelan, Jennifer. Pluscauskas, Michael. Manuel, Doug. PloS one 2011; 6(12):e27897
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Mortality reduction with influenza vaccine in patients with pneumonia outside “flu” season: pleiotropic benefits or residual confounding?: Eurich, Dean T. Marrie, Thomas J. Johnstone, Jennie. Majumdar, Sumit R. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine 2008; 178(5):527-33
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Gadad Administration of thimerosal containing vaccines to infant rhesus macaques does not result in autism like behavior or neuropathology: Gadad, Bharathi S. Li, Wenhao. Yazdani, Umar. Grady, Stephen. Johnson, Trevor. Hammond, Jacob. Gunn, Howard. Curtis, Britni. English, Chris. Yutuc, Vernon. Ferrier, Clayton. Sackett, Gene P. Marti, C Nathan. Young, Keith. Hewitson, Laura. German, Dwight C. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2015; 112(40):12498-503
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Aluminum

Aluminum Adjuvant Linked to Gulf War Illness Induces Motor Neuron Death in Mice: Petrik MS, Wong MC, Tabata RC, Garry RF, Shaw CA. Neuromolecular Med. 2007;9(1):83-100.
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Aluminum Neurotoxicity In Preterm Infants Receiving Intravenous-feeding Solutions: Bishop NJ1, Morley R, Day JP, Lucas A. N England Journal of Medicine 1997 May 29;336(22):1557-61.
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Effects of Aluminum Ingestion on Spontaneous Motor Activity in Mice: Golub, M S. Donald, J M. Gershwin, M E. Keen, C L. Neurotoxicology and teratology ; 11(3):231-5
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Lead Poisoning in an Adult: Lead Mobilization by Pregnancy?: Riess, Matthias L. Halm, Josiah K. Journal of general internal medicine 2007; 22(8):1212-5
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Metabolism and Possible Health Effects of Aluminum: Ganrot, P O. Environmental health perspectives 1986; 65():363-441
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Addressing Parents’ Concerns: Do Vaccines Contain Harmful Preservatives, Adjuvants, Additives, or Residuals?: Offit, Paul A. Jew, Rita K. Pediatrics 2003; 112(6 Pt 1):1394-7
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Slow CCL2-dependent translocation of biopersistent particles from muscle to brain: Khan Z, Combadière C, Authier FJ, Itier V, Lux F, Exley C, Mahrouf-Yorgov M, Decrouy X, Moretto P, Tillement O, Gherardi RK, Cadusseau J. BMC medicine 2013 Apr 4;11:99.
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Administration of aluminium to neonatal mice in vaccine-relevant amounts is associated with adverse long term neurological outcomes: Shaw CA, Li Y, Tomljenovic L. Journal of inorganic biochemistry 2013 Nov;128:237-44.
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Aluminum hydroxide injections lead to motor deficits and motor neuron degeneration: Shaw, Christopher A. Petrik, Michael S. Journal of inorganic biochemistry 2009; 103(11):1555-62
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Aluminum vaccine adjuvants: are they safe?: Tomljenovic, L. Shaw, C A. Current medicinal chemistry 2011; 18(17):2630-7
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Delivery of nanoparticles to brain metastases of breast cancer using a cellular Trojan horse: Choi, Mi-Ran. Bardhan, Rizia. Stanton-Maxey, Katie J. Badve, Sunil. Nakshatri, Harikrishna. Stantz, Keith M. Cao, Ning. Halas, Naomi J. Clare, Susan E. Cancer nanotechnology 2012; 3(1-6):47-54
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There is (still) too much aluminium in infant formulas: Shelle-Ann M Burrell, Christopher Exley BMC Pediatrics 2010, 10:63
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CHOP/Offit Statement on Aluminum: Q&A CHOP Volume 4, Fall 2012
In these statements Dr Offit is asserting that aluminum is a nutrient, i.e. a mineral with healthful functions in the human body. This is absolutely false. Aluminum has no healthful function in the body. It is a toxin and a toxin only.

Avoidance of aluminum toxicity in freshwater snails involves intracellular silicon-aluminum biointeraction: White, Keith N. Ejim, Abraham I. Walton, Rachel C. Brown, Andrew P. Jugdaohsingh, Ravin. Powell, Jonathan J. McCrohan, Catherine R. Environmental science & technology 2008; 42(6):2189-94
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Effects of vitamin E against aluminum neurotoxicity in rats: Nedzvetsky, V S. Tuzcu, M. Yasar, A. Tikhomirov, A A. Baydas, G. Biochemistry. Biokhimii?a 2006; 71(3):239-44
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Silicon reduces aluminum accumulation in rats Relevance to the aluminum hypothesis of Alzheimer disease: Bellés, M. Sánchez, D J. Gómez, M. Corbella, J. Domingo, J L. Alzheimer disease and associated disorders 1998; 12(2):83-7
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Delivery of nanoparticles to brain metastases of breast cancer using a cellular Trojan horse: Choi, Mi-Ran. Bardhan, Rizia. Stanton-Maxey, Katie J. Badve, Sunil. Nakshatri, Harikrishna. Stantz, Keith M. Cao, Ning. Halas, Naomi J. Clare, Susan E. Cancer nanotechnology 2012; 3(1-6):47-54
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Macrophagic myofasciitis lesions assess long-term persistence of vaccine-derived aluminum hydroxide in muscle: Gherardi, R K. Coquet, M. Cherin, P. Belec, L. Moretto, P. Dreyfus, P A. Pellissier, J F. Chariot, P. Authier, F J. Brain : a journal of neurology 2001; 124(Pt 9):1821-31
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Unequivocal identification of intracellular aluminium adjuvant in a monocytic THP-1 cell line: Mold, Matthew. Eriksson, Håkan. Siesjö, Peter. Darabi, Anna. Shardlow, Emma. Exley, Christopher. Scientific reports 2014; 4():6287
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The interrelationship between silicon and aluminium in the biological effects of aluminium: Birchall, J D. Ciba Foundation symposium 1992; 169():50-61; discussion 61-8
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Updated aluminum pharmacokinetics following infant exposures through diet and vaccination: Mitkus, Robert J. King, David B. Hess, Maureen A. Forshee, Richard A. Walderhaug, Mark O. Vaccine 2011; 29(51):9538-43
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Aluminum toxicokinetics regarding infant diet and vaccination: Keith, L S. Jones, D E. Chou, C H S J. Vaccine 2002; 20 Suppl 3():S13-7
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In vivo absorption of aluminium-containing vaccine adjuvants using 26Al: Flarend, R E. Hem, S L. White, J L. Elmore, D. Suckow, M A. Rudy, A C. Dandashli, E A. Vaccine ; 15(12-13):1314-8
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Biopersistence and brain translocation of aluminum adjuvants of vaccines: Gherardi, Romain Kroum. Eidi, Housam. Crépeaux, Guillemette. Authier, François Jerome. Cadusseau, Josette. Frontiers in neurology 2015; 6():4
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Effect of Routine Vaccination on Aluminum and Essential Element Levels in Preterm Infants: Movsas, Tammy Z. Paneth, Nigel. Rumbeiha, Wilson. Zyskowski, Justin. Gewolb, Ira H. JAMA pediatrics 2013; 167(9):870-2
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Curcumin attenuates aluminium-induced functional neurotoxicity in rats: Sethi, Pallavi. Jyoti, Amar. Hussain, Ejaz. Sharma, Deepak. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior 2009; 93(1):31-9
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Neurotoxic effect of enteral aluminium: Bilkei-Gorzó, A. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 1993; 31(5):357-61
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Aluminum chloride induces neuroinflammation, loss of neuronal dendritic spine and cognition impairment in developing rat.: Cao, Zheng. Yang, Xu. Zhang, Haiyang. Wang, Haoran. Huang, Wanyue. Xu, Feibo. Zhuang, Cuicui. Wang, Xiaoguang. Li, Yanfei. Chemosphere 2016; 151():289-95
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Aluminium-induced electrophysiological, biochemical and cognitive modifications in the hippocampus of aging rats.: Sethi, Pallavi. Jyoti, Amar. Singh, Rameshwar. Hussain, Ejaz. Sharma, Deepak. Neurotoxicology 2008; 29(6):1069-79
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Mercury

2000 Simpsonwood CDC conference full transcript

A Prospective Study of Mercury Toxicity Biomarkers in Autistic Spectrum Disorders 2007: eier, David A. Geier, Mark R. Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A 2007; 70(20):1723-30
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Study Results Disclosed at Simpsonwood Conference

A Dose-Response Relationship between Organic Mercury Exposure from Thimerosal-Containing Vaccines and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Geier, David A. Hooker, Brian S. Kern, Janet K. King, Paul G. Sykes, Lisa K. Geier, Mark R. International journal of environmental research and public health 2014; 11(9):9156-70
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Addressing Parents’ Concerns: Do Vaccines Contain Harmful Preservatives, Adjuvants, Additives, or Residuals?: Offit, Paul A. Jew, Rita K. Pediatrics 2003; 112(6 Pt 1):1394-7
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A Prospective Blinded Evaluation of Urinary Porphyrins Verses the Clinical Severity of Autism Spectrum Disorders: Geier, David A. Kern, Janet K. Geier, Mark R. Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A 2009; 72(24):1585-91
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An investigation of porphyrinuria in Australian children with autism: Austin, David W. Shandley, Kerrie. Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A 2008; 71(20):1349-51
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Neurotoxic effects of thimerosal at vaccine dosages on the encephalon and development in 7 days-old hamsters

Neurotoxic effects of postnatal thimerosal are mouse strain dependent: Hornig, M. Chian, D. Lipkin, W I. Molecular psychiatry 2004; 9(9):833-45
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Methodological Issues and Evidence of Malfeasance in Research Purporting to Show Thimerosal in Vaccines Is Safe: Hooker, Brian. Kern, Janet. Geier, David. Haley, Boyd. Sykes, Lisa. King, Paul. Geier, Mark. BioMed research international 2014; 2014():247218
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Other Dangers

Vaccination against Human Influenza A:H3N2 Virus Prevents the Induction of Heterosubtypic Immunity against Lethal Infection with Avian Influenza A:H5N1 Virus: Bodewes, Rogier. Kreijtz, Joost H C M. Baas, Chantal. Geelhoed-Mieras, Martina M. de Mutsert, Gerrie. van Amerongen, Geert. van den Brand, Judith M A. Fouchier, Ron A M. Osterhaus, Albert D M E. Rimmelzwaan, Guus F. PloS one 2009; 4(5):e5538
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Annual Vaccination against Influenza Virus Hampers Development of Virus-Specific CD8 T Cell Immunity in Children: Bodewes, Rogier. Fraaij, Pieter L A. Geelhoed-Mieras, Martina M. van Baalen, Carel A. Tiddens, Harm A W M. van Rossum, Annemarie M C. van der Klis, Fiona R. Fouchier, Ron A M. Osterhaus, Albert D M E. Rimmelzwaan, Guus F. Journal of virology 2011; 85(22):11995-2000
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Increased risk of noninfluenza respiratory virus infections associated with receipt of inactivated influenza vaccine: Cowling, Benjamin J. Fang, Vicky J. Nishiura, Hiroshi. Chan, Kwok-Hung. Ng, Sophia. Ip, Dennis K M. Chiu, Susan S. Leung, Gabriel M. Peiris, J S Malik. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2012; 54(12):1778-83
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Influenza Vaccines Time for a Rethink: Doshi, Peter. JAMA internal medicine 2013; 173(11):1014-6
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Influenza: marketing vaccine by marketing disease.: Doshi, Peter. BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 2013; 346():f3037
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Vitamins/Nutrients

Quercetin and omega 3 ameliorate oxidative stress induced by aluminium chloride in the brain: Ali, Haytham Abdallah. Afifi, Mohamed. Abdelazim, Aaser Mohamed. Mosleh, Yahia Youssef. Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN 2014; 53(4):654-60
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Quercetin protects against chronic aluminum-induced oxidative stress and ensuing biochemical, cholinergic, and neurobehavioral impairments in rats: Sharma, Deep Raj. Wani, Willayat Yousuf. Sunkaria, Aditya. Kandimalla, Ramesh J L. Verma, Deepika. Cameotra, Swaranjit Singh. Gill, Kiran Dip. Neurotoxicity research 2013; 23(4):336-57
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Silica therapy to reduce the body burden of aluminium: Exley, Christopher. Korchazhkina, Olga. Job, Deborah. Strekopytov, Stanislav. Polwart, Anthony. Crome, Peter. Journal of Alzheimer’s disease : JAD 2006; 10(1):17-24; discussion 29-31
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Silicic acid its gastrointestinal uptake and urinary excretion in man and effects on aluminium excretion: Reffitt, D M. Jugdaohsingh, R. Thompson, R P. Powell, J J. Reffitt, D M. Jugdaohsingh, R. Thompson, R P. Powell, J J. Journal of inorganic biochemistry Journal of inorganic biochemistry 1999; 1999; 76(2):141-776(2):141-7
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The disruption of L-carnitine metabolism by aluminum toxicity and oxidative stress promotes dyslipidemia in human astrocytic and hepatic cells: Lemire, Joseph. Mailloux, Ryan. Darwich, Rami. Auger, Christopher. Appanna, Vasu D. Toxicology letters 2011; 203(3):219-26
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The influence of taurine pretreatment on aluminum chloride induced nephrotoxicity in Swiss albino mice: Al Kahtani, Mohammed A. Abdel-Moneim, Ashraf M. El-Sayed, Wael M. Histology and histopathology 2014; 29(1):45-55
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Therapeutic effect of taurine against aluminum-induced impairment on learning, memory and brain neurotransmitters in rats 2: Wenting, Lu. Ping, Liu. Haitao, Jiao. Meng, Qiao. Xiaofei, Ren. Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology 2014; 35(10):1579-84
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Vitamin E protects the brain against oxidative injury stimulated by excessive aluminum intake: Abd el-Fattah, A A. al-Yousef, H M. al-Bekairi, A M. al-Sawaf, H A. Biochemistry and molecular biology international 1998; 46(6):1175-80
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Silicon Rich Mineral Water as a NonInvasive Test of the Aluminum Hypothesis in Alzheimers Disease: Davenward, Samantha. Bentham, Peter. Wright, Jan. Crome, Peter. Job, Deborah. Polwart, Anthony. Exley, Christopher. Journal of Alzheimer’s disease : JAD 2013; 33(2):423-30
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Prophylactic and therapeutic effects of taurine against aluminum-induced acute hepatotoxicity in mice: El-Sayed, Wael M. Al-Kahtani, Mohamed A. Abdel-Moneim, Ashraf M. Journal of hazardous materials 2011; 192(2):880-6
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Selective induction of IL-6 by aluminum-induced oxidative stress can be prevented by selenium: Viezeliene, Dale. Beekhof, Piet. Gremmer, Eric. Rodovicius, Hiliaras. Sadauskiene, Ilona. Jansen, Eugene. Ivanov, Leonid. Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) 2013; 27(3):226-9
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Protective effect of curcumin (Curcuma longa), against aluminium toxicity Possible behavioral and biochemical alterations in rats: Protective effect of curcumin (Curcuma longa), against aluminium toxicity: Possible behavioral and biochemical alterations in rats. Kumar, Anil. Dogra, Samrita. Prakash, Atish. Behavioural brain research 2009; 205(2):384-90
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Taurine and Inflammatory Diseases: Taurine and inflammatory diseases. Marcinkiewicz, Janusz. Kontny, Ewa. Amino acids 2014; 46(1):7-20
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Core symptoms of autism improved after vitamin D supplementation.: Jia, Feiyong. Wang, Bing. Shan, Ling. Xu, Zhida. Staal, Wouter G. Du, Lin. Pediatrics 2015; 135(1):e196-8
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